The Rainforest Floor: home of the insects and bugs (part two).

 
Spiny caterpillar, Costa Rica.

This caterpillar obviously doesn't have to worry about being eaten!

These caterpillars are quite hairy - these hairs don't sting, but because many hairy caterpillars have stinging hairs, birds leave these guys alone!

Hairy caterpillars, Costa Rica.

Millipede, Amazon.

The millipede gets around - he may be found on the forest floor, but also climbs the trees.

All these little black specks are ants! This is a swarm of army ants sweeping across the forest floor. Contrary to popular belief, these are not dangerous. They mostly eat other bugs and insects which are dead or cannot get out of the way in time. They are efficient recyclers and scavengers!

Army ants!

Antshrike, Costa Rica.

In fact, many "antbirds", such as this barred antshrike, seen sitting on its nest, follow the swarm of army ants to swoop down and catch - and eat - any insects which jump up to get out of the way of the swarm.

Leafcutter ants make their way through their cleared trails to bring their prize (often many times bigger than they) back to their nest - which may be 20 feet across! But leafcutter ants do not eat the leaves they bring back!

Leafcutter ants.

Leafcutter.

They make a huge mound of chewed leaves, upon which grows a special fungus - which grows no where else in the world! The ants harvest and eat this fungus. In this mutual relationship of dependency, or symbiosis, when a new queen leaves the nest to start her own colony, she must take a culture of the fungus with her. If it dies, the new colony dies as well.

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